| | Custom AI Stack | Cloud-Native AI Services | BMC |
|---|
| Operating model | Assembled team by team | Strong inside one cloud | Unified enterprise foundation |
| Governance | Inconsistently defined in code and process | Platform controls, limited to that environment | Policy-controlled runtime-governance enforced in execution |
| Observability | Logs if configured; fragmented by stack | Native visibility in-cloud | Full auditability across agents, tools, models, SLAs, and environments |
| Reuse | Local to one team or project | Local to one ecosystem | Registry and catalog for governed enterprise reuse |
| Production control | Recovery and dependency logic built manually | Partial, and environment specific | Dependencies retries, recovery, and operational discipline build in |
| Deployment | Flexible but complex to govern | Cloud-native bias | On-premises, cloud, and hybrid |